Week 6 FYP I

Title of activity:

Study of IC and PCB 

Objective: 

1. As the IC should be implanted on the PCB board, we have to study in detail about the IC and another component that will also implanted on PCB.

2. Beside, to study all the outcomes which are for LED, and buzzer.

Content/Procedure:

In Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP)

1. MCLR, RB6 and RB7 need to be connected to the USB In Circuit Programmer (UIC00A) to program the PIC microcontroller. 
2. At the same time, RB3 need to be pull low to 0V to disable low voltage programming, because the programmer is using high voltage programming. 
3. The programmer (UIC00A) is not included in DIY project set since it can be used several time for different project set. 
4. User can also choose other type of PIC programmer to load the program.

The Function of Component on PCB

Component:

1. 2510-02 connector,

(to use either 9V battery or 12V battery to power up the circuit).

2. AC-DC adaptor socket

(to use power supply from AC-DC adaptor).

3. Diode

(to protect the circuit from wrong polarity power input).

4. Capacitor

(to stabilize the input and output voltage of the LM7805 voltage regulator).

5. LM7805

(voltage regulator, supply 5V for PIC).

6. 2510-04 connector for RFID reader.

7. ICSP box header

(to connect to PIC programmer for loading program).

8. Reset button

(to reset the microcontroller).

9. Push button.

10. Power indicator LED

(to indicate the power status of the circuit).

11. LED status indicator.

12. Slide switch

(to ON or OFF the circuit).

13. Buzzer.

14. Preset

(to adjust the brightness of the LCD).

15. Crystal (20MHz).

16. PIC 16F876A

(the main brain of the system).

17. LCD.

Conclusion:

Finish with the searching on IC, PCB and the output.

Week 5 FYP I

Title of activity: 

Study of schematic diagram RFID door access controller.

Objective: 

1. In order to make a clear view of the Schematic diagram for RFID door access controller.

Content/Procedure:

All of the component have been detailed before. This is the overall description of this schematic diagram.

Conclusion:

Understand all the process of inventing this project

Week 4 FYP I

Title of activity:

Study of Software and Hardware component in details

Objective: 

1. Ensure the component searched is the correct one

2. To know the specification of each of the component

Content/Procedure: 

Below is the component required to build an RFID door system. 

I would like to explain in detail the MAIN component of this project.

RFID Reader (RFID-IDR-232N)

Specification:

RFID-IDR-232N is plug and play RFID reader. It has

been designed with capabilities and features of:

1.   Low cost solution for reading passive RFID transponder tags.

2. Industrial grade casing for better outlook and protection.

3. Integrated RFID reader, LED, power cable and data cable.

4. Every reader has been tested before it being shipped.

5. Fully operation with 5VDC power supply.

6. Buzzer as sound indication of activity.

7.  Red and green LED for visual indication of activity.

8. Standard RS232 serial cable (female) ready to plug to desktop PC or Laptop.

9.               USB as power source from desktop PC.

10.           2cm reading range.

11.    0.1s response time.

12.           12bytes of data received include start of heading, RFID ID and       start of text

Passive Smart Card 

Read/Only Rfid Transponder Keytag

Transponder Chip	EM4100 Compatible
Frequency:	125Khz
ID Size:	64 bit  Read Only
Encoding Scheme:	Manchester Encoding
Material:	PVC
Temperature:	-20°C - +50°C
Dimensions:	85.6 × 54 × 0.86 ( mm )

This Read Only card is pre-programmed with a unique identification.  Passive RFID transponders, which are available with chips and without chips, they have no internal power source therefore require external power to operate. The transponder is powered by an electromagnetic signal that is transmitted from a reader. The signal received will charge an internal capacitor on the transponder, which in turn will then supply the power required to communicate with the reader. 

Active Smart Card

Read/Write Rfid Transponder Keytag

Transponder Chip	T5567
Frequency:	125Khz
Usable data size:	224 bits  R/W    (7 x 32bit )
Encoding Scheme:	Manchester, FSK,PSK,Biphase,NRZ
Material:	ABS
Temperature:	-10°C - +50°C
Dimensions:	85.6 × 54 × 0.86 ( mm )

This Active RFID transponders are self powered and tend to be more expensive than Passive. Having power on board allows the tag to have greater communication distance and usually larger memory capacity. 

Interface LCD (2x16 Character) with PIC16F877A

To use the LCD, we has to solder 16 pin header pin to it. Hence, below is the schematic diagram for it.

 Conclusions:

I could make sure the correct component for in order to complete this project.

Week 3 FYP I

Title of activity:

Overview of RFID systems

Objective:

Briefly describing what is exactly RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)

Content/Procedure:

1.   Radio frequency identification (RFID) marks a new development in the Information Society where objects equipped with micro electronics that can process data automatically will increasingly become an integral part of every day life. 

2. RFID is progressively becoming more common, and hence a part of individuals’ lives in a variety of domains such as logistic, healthcare, public transport, the retail trade, in particular for improved product safety  and faster product recalls, entertainment, work, road toll management, luggage management, and travel documents.

3. RFID technology enables the processing of data, including personal data, over short distances without physical contact or visible interaction between the reader or writer and the tag, such that this interaction  can happen without the individual concerned being aware of it.

FIGURE shows how the RFID works

Conclusions:

1. RFID transfer energy to the transponder by emitting electromagnetic waves through air.

2. Transponders can be read from a distance and from any orientation, thus they do not require line of    sight to be read.

3. RF-Tags can easily be embedded into any non-metallic product. This benefit allows the tag to work in harsh environments providing permanent identification for the life of the product.

Week 2 FYP I

Title of activity:

Component research

Objective:

To identify the components that will be used for the "RFID as student's attendance tracker"

Content/Procedure:

1.   Googling all over internet to search the suitable component that will be used for Final Year Project

2. Find the related operation of the components that used for this system.

1. 1.   Semiconductor RF Evaluation and Development Kits, Board Rf/if and RFID 101-1165
   2. Semiconductor Eval and demo Board and Kit Programmers, Development System 101-0994
   3. Semiconductor General Embedded Dev Board and Kit (mcu,Dsp, Fpga, Cpld) Programmers, Development System 101-1017
   
   
   Conclusions:
   
   
   1.   Each component have their own function for the circuit. 
   2. All components must be suitable enough for the systems as it can functions well.
   3. Identify their application to ensure the systems is using the right components to avoid any problems come up later.
   
   

Week 1 FYP I

Title of activity:

Find the lecturer for advisor in Final Year Project 1 2012. Meanwhile, search for the suitable title for Final Year Project.

Objective:

Confirmation of the title chosen and the advisor that agree with the title.

Content/Procedure:

1.   Find the lecturer from the Final Year Project department from RPS website.

2. Find the idea and title from internet

3. Describe the title and understand the idea.

4. Find more information based on the title chosen.

Result/Analysis:

1.   Understand about the project more

2. Find the best title related to Telecommunication section

3. Learn more about RFID which can detect many things

4. Search the component that might be used for this Final year Project

Radio Frequency Identification technology is a proven object tracking and automated data collection solution. It provides a contact less data link, without need for line-of-sight or concerns about harsh or dirty environments that restrict other auto ID technologies such as bar codes.

Radio frequency identification (RFID) systems have two basic components - a transponder and a reader.

Transponders, often called tags, are placed on objects. Transponders come in many forms and sizes and offer varying degrees of functionality. Readers, or interrogators, are used to identify objects by communicating with the tags using a wireless, RF link. This method does not require the tag to be within line-of-sight, a primary benefit over barcodes, which require the label to be visible from the scanner.

The last basic component in an RFID system is the software or the Middleware, that enables the entire system. These systems can provide real-time updates at each point in the entire supply chain and as supply chain RFID software moves from closed-loop to open-loop systems, the need for more complex, scalable solutions becomes increasingly critical.

Conclusion:

1.   Get the idea for Final Year Project

2. Identify the component that will be used in this project

3. Understand every single function for every component used in this Final Year Project

4. Know how to handle the project with care

5. The title that I choose for this Final Year Project was RFID AS STUDENT'S  ATTENDENCE TRACKER