Week 5 FYP II

Title of activity:

Proposing the circuit for etching in PCB board. 


Objectives:

Showing the circuit for etching purpose


Content/Procedure:  

Here, I would like to present the circuit drawn after the schematic circuit. This is where I should print on the PCB board.

The figure above is the drawing for PCB etching.


Conclusion:

Now we can proceed for PCB fabrication.

Week 4 FYP II

Title of activity:

Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter ( UART Part C )


Objectives:

To get a better understanding on UART which was the connector between PIC to computer


Content/Procedure: 

UART

A Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, abbreviated UART, is a type of  "asynchronous receiver/transmitter", a piece of computer hardware that translates data between parallel and serial forms. UARTs are commonly used in conjunction with communication standards such as EIA, RS-232, RS-422 or RS-485. The universal designation indicates that the data format and transmission speeds are configurable and that the actual electric signaling levels and methods (such as differential signalling etc.) typically are handled by a special driver circuit external to the UART.

So, in my project, I would propose to use RS-232. Below is more detail on RS-232.

The MAX232 is an integrated circuit, first created by Maxim Integrated Product, that converts signals from an RS-232 serial port to signals suitable for use in  TTL compatible digital logic circuits. The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver and typically converts the RX, TX, CTS and RTS signals.

The drivers provide RS-232 voltage level outputs (approx. ± 7.5 V) from a single + 5 V supply via on-chip charge pump and external capacitors. This makes it useful for implementing RS-232 in devices that otherwise do not need any voltages outside the 0 V to + 5 V range, as power supply design does not need to be made more complicated just for driving the RS-232 in this case.

The receivers reduce RS-232 inputs (which may be as high as ± 25 V), to standard 5 V TTL levels. These receivers have a typical threshold of 1.3 V, and a typical hysteresis of 0.5 V.

Interfacing Devices to RS-232 Ports

RS-232 communication is asynchronous. That is a clock signal is not sent with the data. Each word is synchronized using its start bit, and an internal clock on each side, keeps tabs on the timing. 

Conclusion:

Since we already go through all the component in Part C, we can say that Part C is the connector which to connect from the PIC to computer. 

Week 3 FYP II

Title of activity:


PIC: explaining the schematic diagram (PART B, PIC 16F877A)


Objective:

To introduce the function of every single component of PART B in schematic diagram.


Content/Procedure:


1. Part B consist of our main component of this project. That is the PIC 16F877A)

2. This PIC contain 40 pin. 

3. Every single pin has its own function.

Hence, below is the function of every single pin.

For a better understanding and picture, go to this link.

http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/devicedoc/39582b.pdf


Conclusion:


To conclude, PIC 16F877A have 40 pin and have its own function. This entry tell us more about the function of every pin.

Week 2 FYP II

Title of activity:

PIC: explaining the schematic diagram (PART A, Voltage supply)

Objectives:

To introduce the function of every single component of PART A in schematic diagram.

Content/Procedure: 

The component consists in Part A is;

1. connector/adapter

2. diode

3. switch

4. voltage regulator

5. capacitor

6. electrolytic capacitor

7. LED

Connector/Adapter

is the connector to accept voltage from power supply which is 12V.

diode

- is used to change from alternate current into direct current.

- also to avoid voltage connected reversely.

switch

as the on / off button.

voltage regulator

- act as step down transformer

- to reduce the voltage received earlier from 12V to 5V

- to protect PIC and other components from over voltage

capacitor

are used in filter circuits.

electrolytic capacitor

- it conduct alternating current (AC) and block direct current (DC).

- to couple circuit blocks allowing AC signals to be transferred while blocking DC power

- to store energy

- to filter signals according to their frequency

led

as the proof that the circuit is functioned when it is turned on.

Conclusion:

Hence, now we know how the power supply was converted from 12V to 5V. This is a must because the components used cannot withstand over voltage. it may break down or burst.

Week 1 FYP II

Title of activity:

Research on the schematic circuit

Objectives:

To make a clearer vision on how my circuit would be

Content/Procedure: 

1. Since this week is the first week of new semester, I got a lot of issue with my time table. Hence, I don't have too much time to meet my Advisor, Puan Mazhaniza Mazumil. 

2. But, although I got a lot of things to be done by week 1, I still make a research on schematic circuit through the internet, reference book at library and also asking to my friends. 

3. Here is the schematic circuit that I got from a book written by Sandip Lahiri.

REFERENCE : Sandip Lahiri, “RFID sourcebook”, Upper Saddle River, N.J. IBM , 2006

Conclusion:

This is basically how the circuit would be like.